Ο Stephen Montgolfier (Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier, 1745-1799) was a French inventor and brother of Joseph Montgolfier. He is best known for his contribution to the development of aviation, as he and his brother, in 1782, built the first hot air balloon, which successfully flew in 1783, marking the beginning of human balloon flight.

Stephen Montgolfier was born in France, in the region of Ardèche, the son of a successful industrialist. The Montgolfier family had a significant influence in France, particularly in the field of technology and innovation.

In terms of his participation in Freemasonry, Stephen Montgolfier was a member of the Masonic Brotherhood. He participated in various ceremonies and it is known that the Montgolfiers in general had close relations with the European Masonic Brotherhood, which probably influenced their own life and work.

As was the case with many others of the time, his Masonic involvement was linked to social and intellectual circles that valued scientific and technological progress.

He died on 2 August 1799 in Cherrier, France.